![]() Thereafter, he again found work with the Cavendish family, tutoring William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire, the eldest son of his previous pupil. Hobbes soon (in 1629) found work as a tutor to Gervase Clifton, the son of Sir Gervase Clifton, 1st Baronet, mostly spent in Paris, until November 1630. In June 1628, his employer Cavendish, then the Earl of Devonshire, died of the plague, and his widow, the countess Christian, dismissed Hobbes. Īlthough he did associate with literary figures like Ben Jonson and briefly worked as Francis Bacon's amanuensis, translating several of his Essays into Latin, he did not extend his efforts into philosophy until after 1629. It has been argued that three of the discourses in the 1620 publication known as Horae Subsecivae: Observations and Discourses also represent the work of Hobbes from this period. His scholarly efforts at the time were aimed at a careful study of classic Greek and Latin authors, the outcome of which was, in 1628, his great translation of Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War, the first translation of that work into English from a Greek manuscript. In Venice, Hobbes made the acquaintance of Fulgenzio Micanzio, an associate of Paolo Sarpi, a Venetian scholar and statesman. Hobbes was exposed to European scientific and critical methods during the tour, in contrast to the scholastic philosophy that he had learned in Oxford. Hobbes became a companion to the younger William Cavendish and they both took part in a grand tour of Europe between 16. It was to this William Cavendish that Hobbes dedicated his Elements of Law. The elder son, William Cavendish, later 1st Duke of Newcastle, was a leading supporter of Charles I during the civil war personally financing an army for the king, having been governor to the Prince of Wales, Charles James, Duke of Cornwall. The 1st Earl's younger brother, Charles Cavendish, had two sons who were patrons of Hobbes. Hobbes served as a tutor and secretary to both men. ![]() His son, also William, likewise became the 3rd Earl of Devonshire. William Cavendish was elevated to the peerage on his father's death in 1626, holding it for two years before his death in 1628. He was recommended by Sir James Hussey, his master at Magdalen, as tutor to William, the son of William Cavendish, Baron of Hardwick (and later Earl of Devonshire), and began a lifelong connection with that family. degree by incorporation at St John's College, Cambridge, in 1608. Leaving Oxford, Hobbes completed his B.A. Īt university, Thomas Hobbes appears to have followed his own curriculum as he was little attracted by the scholastic learning. Before going up to Oxford, Hobbes translated Euripides' Medea from Greek into Latin verse. ![]() The principal, John Wilkinson, was a Puritan and had some influence on Hobbes. Hobbes was a good pupil, and between 16 he went up to Magdalen Hall, the predecessor to Hertford College, Oxford, where he was taught scholastic logic and mathematics. was educated at Westport church from age four, passed to the Malmesbury school, and then to a private school kept by a young man named Robert Latimer, a graduate of the University of Oxford. As a result, the family was left in the care of Thomas Sr.'s older brother, Francis, a wealthy glove manufacturer with no family of his own. was involved in a fight with the local clergy outside his church, forcing him to leave London. Hobbes's father was uneducated, according to John Aubrey, Hobbes's biographer, and he "disesteemed learning." Thomas Sr. Having been born prematurely when his mother heard of the coming invasion of the Spanish Armada, Hobbes later reported that "my mother gave birth to twins: myself and fear." Hobbes had a brother, Edmund, about two years older, as well as a sister, Anne.Īlthough Thomas Hobbes's childhood is unknown to a large extent, as is his mother's name, it is known that Hobbes's father, Thomas Sr., was the vicar of both Charlton and Westport. Thomas Hobbes was born on 5 April 1588 (Old Style), in Westport, now part of Malmesbury in Wiltshire, England. He is considered to be one of the founders of modern political philosophy. In addition to political philosophy, Hobbes contributed to a diverse array of other fields, including history, jurisprudence, geometry, theology, and ethics, as well as philosophy in general. Hobbes is best known for his 1651 book Leviathan, in which he expounds an influential formulation of social contract theory. ![]() Thomas Hobbes ( / h ɒ b z/ HOBZ 5/15 April 1588 – 4/14 December 1679) was an English philosopher. Most of subsequent western political, legal, and social philosophy
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